陶冶: to fire pots and smelt metal, to educate...
共和国: republic...
末: tip, end, final stage, latter part, inessential detail, powder, dust, opera role of old man...
继承: to inherit, to succeed to (the throne etc), to carry on (a tradition etc)...
同时: at the same time, simultaneously...
广阔: wide, vast...
泻: to flow out swiftly, to flood, a torrent, diarrhea, laxative...
座谈: to have an informal discussion...
辛酸: pungent (taste), bitter, sad, miserable...
总额: total (amount or value)...
